Exercise+Prescription

=__Exercise Prescription__= To improve the lipid profile of the individual, it is recommended that lifestyle changes including regular exercise as well as dietary changes will prove highly beneficial. However, the goals of the exercise prescription program may vary depending on the form of dyslipidaemia. For example, sufferers of hyperlipidaemia should focus on losses of adiposity and body weight, as these factors influence Body Mass Index (BMI) scores which correlate to total cholesterol concentrations, and an exercise program that focuses weight loss can affect total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglyceride levels.

The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has recommended that for improvements in blood lipid profile, a minimum of 1,000 kcal/week exercise target has been established. The American College of Sports Medicine's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription suggest that dyslipidaemia patients should follow an exercise guideline similar to that of obese individuals, and this strategy is to maximise energy expenditure.

Aerobic exercise will be the base of the exercise program. Resistance training and flexibility programs will contribute to the exercise prescription plan, and do present positive outcomes to the patient, however do not contribute as much as aerobic exercise to the overall energy expenditure, necessary for dyslipidaemic patients.

=__Aerobic Exercise__= ==


 * =  ||= ===Mode=== ||= ===Intensity=== ||= ===Frequency=== ||= ===Duration=== ||= ===Goals=== ||
 * = ===Aerobic===

Exercise
||= Walking, jogging, Cycling, Swimming ||= 40-70% of VO2 Reserve or Heart Rate Reserve ||= At least 5 days per week ||= 40-60 minutes per session ||= Maximal energy expenditure, at least 1,000 kcal/week ||

Mode
As aerobic exercise enhances fat utilization, this will be the most beneficial form of activity in terms of treating dyslipidaemia. Another important factor is weight loss, often necessary in improving the lipid profile, may be more easily achieved through aerobic exercise, allowing for the greatest energy expenditure.

Intensity
As suggested in the above table, the intensity of the aerobic exercise should be between 40-70% of VO2 Reserve or Heart Rate Reserve, meaning that it is not high intensity exercise. Several studies concur with this finding, with improvements in the blood lipid profile a result of the moderate intensity exercise.

Frequency and Duration
The recommended time for aerobic exercise is set at between 30-60 minutes, at the moderate intensity listed above, at least 5 times per week. And the daily recommendations can be split up, meaning that the individual can perform the daily 60 minutes in several different sessions, and still see improvements in blood lipid profile.

=__Resistance Training__=

Machine weights, Elastic bands ||= 1 set of 8-15 reps to fatigue ||= 2-3 days per week ||= 8-10 different exercises ||= Maintain or increase lean body mass ||
 * ~  ||~ Mode ||~ Intensity ||~ Frequency ||~ Duration ||~ Goals ||
 * ~ Resistance Training ||= Free Weights,

Resistance training will elicit positive results in target areas such as maintanence of lean body mass, however it may not have any effect on blood lipid profile. This training should be used in conjuction with aerobic exercise to improve overall fitness and health, as well as adding to total caloric expenditure.

=__Other Training Modalities__=

There are other training styles that do have positive outcomes for the dyslipidaemic sufferer. For example, Tai Chi has been shown to produce a reduction in triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL levels. Patients may also partake in sports such as soccer or swimming which predominantly use the aerobic system over extended periods of time, which will benefit the patient.

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